A Picture Can Be Worth a Million Words

I try to never miss a meeting at the Terrace Restaurant in Walnutport, Pennsylvania, just outside Allentown, where the Lehigh Valley chapter of the Veterans of the Battle of the Bulge meet each month. This is a Mecca for storytellers. It’s where I get to know the vets and become their friend. The luncheon meetings usually draw about 80 people – the vets, their wives and family members, veterans advocates and people like me who are interested in the these men — now in their mid-80s and beyond – and the stories they tell.

As a reporter for Allentown’s The Morning Call, I write a series called WAR STORIES: In Their Own Words. I wanted a Battle of the Bulge story for the series when I showed up there in the fall of 2008. The guys there recommended that I talk to Don Burdick, a local vet, about his experience at Bastogne, Belgium, surrounded by the Germans at Christmas 1944. 

I did get a harrowing account from Don about the desperate days he spent at Bastogne with his 16th Field Artillery Observation Battalion, under the 101st Airborne Division. They were encircled by the Germans, cut off from food and supplies. The Germans were so close, Don could see their tanks. I noted in passing that after the breakout from Bastogne, Don went on to have a role in the liberation of the Dachau concentration camp in April 1945. With that note, I was hinting that I had more to tell.  I did, but it wasn’t for months that I myself would have any idea of how much.

One day, we were sitting at his kitchen table, talking. I asked Don how the war had played out for him after the Bulge. He explained his unit had come into Dachau when the prisoners were still there. Their task was to arrest the German SS officers who were guarding the prisoners in the camp. The young German officers were hiding under the heaps of bodies there, hoping to evade the notice of the American GIs. Don’s unit was there for about six hours and he told me what he smelled, saw and heard that harrowing day. Then he said quietly “Well, I took pictures. I have never shown them to anyone. Not even my wife.”

“Would you show them to me?”

corpses of dead Jewish prisoners in boxcar at Dachau death camp

Dead corpses in boxcar at Dachau Death Camp

Don went down to his basement and brought me up a box. Tucked in a standard white envelope, there they were: seven small, fading prints of corpses piled up in boxcars, with a few of the photos showing GIs standing around. I gaped at them. He had kept these pictures to himself for more than 60 years.

As we looked at his old photos, I asked him if he’d be interested in seeing them published in The Morning Call. He didn’t hesitate:

“Yes,” he said. “That would be a good thing to do.”

I met with the editors and we hatched a plan. They wanted to feature the photos in a meaningful context that focused on the death camp at Dachau in World War II. Don, a high school biology teacher for 25 years, felt strongly that the denial of the Holocaust could be countered by sharing these photos.  He thought the photographs, as gruesome as they were, made the liberation of the camps 65 years before seem real.

That was the plan, and it worked out exactly like that. The executive editor reviewed Don’s grisly photos and okayed the use of several inside the paper, with the story’s runover, because they were so disturbing.

Don was, after all, an eyewitness to Dachau. As a young soldier, he took photographs with a looted camera even though the Army brass expressly forbade taking pictures.  He tucked his camera in his backpack and waited sixty years to tell anyone what he had done. Still, if I hadn’t gone to talk to him about something else entirely, the story might never have come out – and the disturbing pictures he took might still be sitting in a box in the basement.

Click to view photos of Don Burdick in The Morning Call.

A Short Interview Takes a Long Time

For eleven years, I have been interviewing veterans for my series in The Morning Call, War Stories: In their Own Words. When I mention to friends and family that I talk to old vets and write up their stories, people say “Wow! They pay you to do that?  That sounds like fun!”  Yes, it is fun, but it is also a lot of work. A once-and-done interview with a war veteran isn’t enough. I have to keep going back for more, because veterans — especially the older ones — remember more each time, and that enriches the story.

One example is my piece on World War II submariner Hank Kudzik, which ran in The Morning Call of Allentown, Pa., on Monday, April 5, ) I started meeting with Hank last October. We got together at his home, and then again at two meetings of the Lehigh Valley chapter of the U.S. Submarine Veterans of WWII — a Mecca of storytellers. Over the next six months, we met a total of six times.

Key to a narrative is that the subject’s words create an image in the readers’ minds. If I, the interviewer, am not getting the image, my readers will not either. I need to draw out the subject, ask him questions. Looking at pictures is a good way to break the ice. Before we open the album of old photos or the book about Iwo Jima,  I make sure I have my recorder running.  In Hank’s case, besides photos, he had a schematic drawing of his sub, the Nautilus. He also had a model so he could show me  where his station was and where a dud shell once hit the boat.

After we have warmed up over the photographs, I ask to see the vet’s military paperwork, such as a DD-214, a summary of service at discharge, which shows where and when the vet served and what medals he or she was awarded. Of course, the newspaper wants to be sure I am reporting a straight story and not a fanciful one. With the vast amount of information online, it’s pretty easy to confirm the accuracy of someone’s story – as long as the sources are authoritative. Hank told me the Nautilus fired three torpedoes at the Japanese aircraft carrier Soryu during the Battle of Midway. I found an official Navy account on the internet comfirming that.

Warrant Officer Nicky Venditti at home in Malvern, PA, before leaving for Vietnam, 1969.

Warrant Officer Nicky Venditti, 1969

I have written a book about a veteran, my cousin Nicky, who was killed during the Vietnam War. It’s called Quiet Man Rising, and it has taken me sixteen years to complete. I often feel when I am interviewing a vet that I could write a book, or a three-part series or a television documentary about the guy for Lou Reeta. But newspaper stories have to be kept short, and that’s a challenge. Over the course of a half-dozen meetings, Hank gave me enough information to write a book of twenty chapters. I narrowed his account to four personal vignettes, told chronologically to fit into The Morning Call’s limit of 32 column inches.

The result is a tale that, I like to think, informs and entertains a general audience. The reader is with 17-year-old Hank during a depth-charge barrage, when he’s blasting away at Japanese-held Makin Island, when his Marine buddy dies of wounds on board and when the sub is sinking wildly out of control after being hit by friendly fire.

Most important, the story is not just about one man. Readers will recognize that it commemorates not just Hank’s wartime experiences at sea, but those of all the American sailors who went to war in submarines. I take pride in celebrating the bravery of the men and women who serve in the armed forces, then and now. I love working for a daily newspaper that recognizes the importance of their contribution by including veterans’ stories along with the advice columns, sudoko puzzles and restaurant reviews.